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Introduction

On the floor they live ...

… countless organisms that we do not see, of which only 2% are known. These microorganisms are essential to maintain soil fertility, in fact, soils that lack microbial flora, are poor and unbalanced soils. In these soils lacking in life it is necessary to maintain a constant and excessive supply of synthetic fertilizers to obtain fairly acceptable productions.

Until recently, the microorganisms that inhabit the soil were not given the importance they have and there was great skepticism about their effectiveness. At present, microorganisms are very useful in agriculture for the development of healthy and vigorous crops. For this reason, more and more research centers and large companies are devoting a large amount of economic and human resources to the search for new microorganisms for the development of increasingly effective products that do not harm the environment. This new paradigm, with an important potential market, probably implies the second green revolution towards an increasingly productive, efficient and sustainable agriculture.

Since the Royal Decree 999/2017 came into effect at the end of 2017, by which RD 506/2013 is modified, there is a new group of fertilizers based on microorganisms covered by Spanish legislation. Now, in addition to being produced, registered and marketed in our country, they can be registered for use in organic farming, provided that it complies with the regulations of the sector. In addition, in the draft of the new fertilizer law at European level its introduction is considered as biostimulants of microbial origin, so its use worldwide is generating great present and future opportunities.

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